Officials say that a child passenger coming from Brussels was infected with the illness. They say that the child arrived in Terminal B just after noon on Monday and later departed from Terminal C.
Anyone who was at the airport between 12:45 p.m. and 9 p.m. on Monday could be at risk for exposure.
New Jersey residents who may have been on the patient's flights will be notified by their local health department.
Measles symptoms can appear as late as April 2. Symptoms of measles include a cough, runny nose and red, watery eyes. Measles can cause serious complications such as pneumonia or brain swelling.
Anyone who thinks they may have contracted the illness should call a health provider prior to leaving their home.
This is the second time this year that a passenger infected with measles has passed through Newark Liberty.